The Fad of Financial Literacy
Crores being blown up, while aggrieved investors don’t get redress
 
Financial literacy is as much a fad today as corporate governance was after the global accounting fraud had engulfed top multinationals, at the turn of the century. In the past decade, we have seen regulators pooling investors’ own money (in the form of unclaimed dividends and interest on various financial instruments as well as bank and corporate deposits) into large funds which are spent on conducting financial literacy seminars and issuing advertisements on how to be smart with money. 
 
The amounts available for this exercise are huge; but significantly, investors’ money is being spent without any tangible outcomes. The ministry of corporate affairs (MCA) and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have several thousand crores of rupees in their kitty for investor education and protection. Stock exchanges and financial regulators have a few hundred crore rupees each. In most cases, there is no real effort to trace the investors who have not claimed their financial benefits or to ensure that their heirs receive the funds due to them. 
 
RBI had, at least, asked banks to publish the list of bank account-holders who had not claimed their deposits, before the money was transferred into a fund-pool that will be used for investor education. MCA, with over Rs1,000 crore in the Investor Education & Protection Fund (IEPF), has a clunky and rather difficult process for tracing if a person’s unclaimed financial benefits have been transferred to the IEPF. But those who were unable to claim dividends or benefits due to litigation that invariably exceeds seven years are left high and dry. 
 
MCA has unilaterally cancelled the accreditation of all investor groups and prefers to work only with professional institutes under its regulatory ambit. While the IEPF website lists a few financial literacy seminars that have been conducted around the country, there is no clarity about the basis on which it decides to dole out funds. The ministry is now busy setting up a permanent IEPF authority that will give it greater flexibility in spending investors’ money.
 
Meanwhile, financial consumers, who are struggling to get dozens of companies (such as Neesa Leisure, Helios & Matheson, Elder Pharma, Unitech Constructions and Plethico Pharma) are being made to run from pillar to post without redress. The ministry, in fact, scrapped an investor helpline, funded out of the IEPF funds that used to be run by Midas Touch Investor Association without providing any reason for its action. Despite a new government in place, there is no indicator that the ministry will be made accountable for ensuring that these funds are correctly spent. 
 
The key question is: Do endless financial literacy seminars work? Research, based on behavioural economics, shows that the rational economic person does not exist. Most people are simply not wired to understand financial products and tend to translate their experience of buying consumer goods to financial products. 
 
A study published in the Journal Management Science found that almost everybody who has taken a financial literacy class, forgets what has been learnt in 20 months. So, the impact on their future financial behaviour is negligible. An article by Helaine Olen, author of Pound Foolish on Slate.com, has a title that says it all. “Stop trying to make financial literacy happen. It is a noble distraction from actual consumer protection. That is why financial services industry loves it.” We agree. In fact, our regulators love it even more. And, they have figured out a way to get access to a large pool of investors’ own money to spend without any accountability. Regulators use this money power effectively to dole out advertisements to friendly media; those who ask uncomfortable questions are left out. This probably explains why little media attention is focused on the pathetic grievance redress record of financial regulators, despite setting up online redress systems. Moneylife finds that investors with resources manage to have some investigation initiated by filing complaints with the economic offices wing of the police. However, this rarely helps them recover their money. Often, it is more good money spent to recover what is lost.
Comments
kapil bajaj
1 decade ago
Ms Dalal, It's a very good article, but if you were to connect all the dots of your own arguments you'll reach conclusions that will bring into question the very domain you and Moneylife are concerned with, namely the financial sector and, by extension, the 'economy'.

Yes 'Homo economicus' is a myth, but so are all the constructs of economic theories, particularly those of the 'neo-classical economics' that currently rules the world. One can read about the 'Real-World Economics' movement (formerly called post autistic economics) on the Web to get a sense of what I am talking about.

http://www.paecon.net/PAEReview/

The new-liberal theology is, of course, a part of this whole fraud called 'economics'.

Need I say anything about another sub-fraud called 'financialization' that has been used in this neo-liberal era to paralyze not just what is referred to as the 'economy' but the whole of human societies.

You have to be honest, Ms Dalal. No one would know better than you that the so called financial system (including the capital markets) have not been created to serve the real needs of society but to create a smokescreen for transfer of resources to the parasitic elite.
(Currently, it's casino capitalism at its debauched worst while the world burns.)

No one I know explains the gargantuan fraud called the financial system better than Max Keiser.

http://rt.com/shows/keiser-report/

I applaud the element of courage and public-spiritedness in your journalism. However, I can't help noting that Moneylife has been so economical with truth as to have almost no effect in explaining to the public the global empire of falsehood that we all are entrapped in.
Nilesh KAMERKAR
1 decade ago
Why investor education is futile . . . http://www.thinkadvisor.com/2014/04/07/i...
MG Warrier
1 decade ago
Very pertinent points raised in this article. We have to start worrying about the responsibility of those accept the savings as deposits(called by whatever name) from public. Such deposits could be bank deposits, PF contribution or insurance premium or chit fund deposits. It should be the primary responsibility of those who ‘take’ deposits to account it and appropriate for the purpose for which the deposit is taken. Now that everyone is going to have a bank account, the last rupee payable to the individual should go to that account minimising the possibility of ‘unclaimed deposits’ in any account. Sometime back, Moneylife had published an article by me on the need for a ‘regulator for unclaimed deposits’
Subba Rao
1 decade ago
The regulators have most often been caught unawares or have chosen to look the other way when there were anti-consumer products / services / policies of Insurance Companies and AMCs. While it is good to inculcate financial literacy among the masses, it does not absolve the manufacturers of financial products and their respective regulators from the wrongs being perpetrated on the unknowing customer.
B. Yerram Raju
1 decade ago
NABARD paints on the buses and trains and organises a few video films and audio films in the name of financial literacy. Still many persons do not know the difference between loans and investments!! Several others do not distinguish between money and wealth.
MCA's ritualistic investor education doles are meant to reach the budget targets and not fulfill the needs of financial literacy and financial education.
Balaji
1 decade ago
Its fact regulators are 'lazy' to act (though I would exclude RBI).
manhar kothari
1 decade ago
MCA web site has made system for on line investors complaint so complicated that even regular user of computer since last 20 years like me failed to lodge on line complain.
It appears that there is no seriousness to solve the problem of investors.
K G Krupal
1 decade ago
Helios & Matheson, Elder Pharma, Plethico Pharma are still trading under B group. Companies which failed to repay deposits, whose cheques for interest are bounced, should be brought under Z group. Investors should delink their investment decision from Stock Market quotations.
vishal
Replied to K G Krupal comment 1 decade ago
when a individual were to get in to trap of dishonoured cheque he can be put behind bars for a petty amount under negotiable instrument act. What about companies issuing cheque and bouncing them? the regulators are more prone to safeguarding the bogus companies than investors.
manhar kothari
Replied to K G Krupal comment 1 decade ago
plethico Pharma has stooped making interest payment since April 2014 to their FD holders.
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